mathematical model of dc shunt motor
vior. State-space Representation The dynamic equations can be written as: \[ J \frac{d\omega}{dt} = T - T_L \] \[ \frac{dI_a}{dt} = \frac{V - R_a I_a - K_e \phi \omega}{L_a} \] \[ \frac{d\phi}{dt} = 0 \quad \text{(assuming flux is constant in steady state)} \] where \( L_a \) is the armature induc
